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There would seem based my own experience that there is a lot of confusion amongst the general public and some builders as to what sealing natural stone a

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

ctually means.

When we talk about sealing a surface we normally mean that an impenetrable barrier is painted on or applied in some way. For example tile

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

d floors are often sealed to give them added protection and make them shine. To do this a series of coats of emulsion polish are applied to the surface a

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

nd allowed to dry. This seals the floor and gives it protection. Other surfaces such as wood are often sealed with a coating of a polyurethane product. T

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

is adds strength to the surface and protects it. Many other normally porous surfaces can be sealed with a layer that sits on the surface acting as a barr

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

ier to penetrative agents and gives protection also.

The sealing of natural stone such as marble, granite, limestone and slate is very different. Natura

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

l stone is made up of crystals that interlock together. The actual minerals that are present as crystals in the stone give it its colour and striations.

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

owever there are spaces between the crystal and the smaller these spaces are and the more the crystals have been compacted together the less porous the s

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

tone is. So these spaces will determine the porosity of the stone. A combination of pore size and mineral content of the stone will also determine its ha

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

rdness and thus its durability. These spaces in the stone are air filled when the stone is dry and water filled when the stone is wet. Bacteria inhabit t

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

ese spaces and these are often vital for the maintenance of the stone. Very little research has been carried out into these bacteria but what has been do

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

ne would suggest that they are essential in maintaining the integrity of the stone.

Consequently we have the picture of stone as quite a complex mix of

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

minerals, bacteria and spaces. You must imagine the stone to be something akin to a very hard sponge! If you drop a liquid onto the stone it will be abso

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

rbed and spread through the spaces. This is why what initially looked like a small spillage can end up as quite a large stain in the stone. To remove the

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

stain it has to be flushed out of these spaces. All a stone sealer does it fill up these spaces. Many of the stone sealants in use are based on fatty aci

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

ds rather than synthetic sealants. These natural sealants are better because they do not destroy the bacteria but often enhance them. Synthetic sealants

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

will destroy these bacteria that has longer-term consequences on the stones makeup. Sealants based on fat however have a shorter lifespan and must be ren

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

wed periodically.

Whatever sealant is used it simply fills up the spaces between the crystals it does not cover the surface of the stone. Its purpose is

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

simply to delay the penetration of liquids into the stone. So if corrosive materials get onto the stone then it will be damaged. Stone sealants do not f

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

orm a protective ‘seal’ on the surface of the stone. Consequently stone is only protected from absorbing liquids. It is not protected from surface damage

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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Paper shredders work by cutting sheets of paper into many very small pieces, making it difficult for thieves or corporate spies to reassemble the documents and gain private information. Some shredders cut the paper vertically into ribbons, while others cut the paper in a cross cutting motion, making it much harder to reassemble the page.

When customers complain about your products and services, the way you handle them is the key to meeting their complaint, recovering the situation and deepening your customer's loyalty. If you are effective and professional, complaints can increase and profit your business.

Living in Oregon you are most likely familiar with the river where you can have a little adventure during the summer months. Even if you are not from Oregon you can experience high adventure by white water rafting as a sport or simply as a family adventure.

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